Experiences with a canoebased fault injection framework. Comparison of physical and softwareimplemented fault injection techniques jean arlat, member, ieee, yves crouzet, johan karlsson,member, ieee. Fault injection is a technique for enhancing the testing quality by involving the intentional faults in the software. The method exploits the object oriented approach of software implementation to support the injection of. Software implemented fault injection for autosar based. The framework consists of hooks that are inserted into the autosar codebase and implemented in a separate software implemented faultinjection swifi module.
Hardware fault injection could be used to test software software based techniques work software doesnt know where fault came from can be used to test hardware tends not to trigger hardware fault detection jean arlat, et al. Fault injection techniques and tools electrical and computer. Related work our requirements for the derived approach are as follows. These changes can be implemented by making modifications or mutations to the existing code, such as altering a line of code to represent a different value. Hack in the box security conference recommended for you. Faults can be injected via a number of physical methods and triggers can be implemented in different ways. We will look at which test conditions are necessary and explain why both fault injection testing and requirementbased testing are included separately in the iso 26262. Fault injection has been proposed as a possible metric for all of the above properties of a system and its software. Pdf softwareimplemented fault injection at firmware level. Nov 05, 20 described in this presentation is the design and implementation of a software implemented fault injection tool, which can be used to perform robustness testing on application software components in embedded systems based on the autosar standard architecture. For nearly twenty years he has been responsible for management and implementation of functional safety standards in projects for aerospace, industrial automation. This technique injects faults via the builtin test logic, i. Swifi techniques for software fault injection can be categorized into.
We propose a novel approach where fault injection capabilities are added to the computer. The first experiments in hardware fault injection involved nothing more than shorting connections on circuit boards and observing the effect on the system bridging faults. In contrast, software fault injection can target applications easily and directly. Focused fault injection testing of software implemented fault. To this end, we have developed a tool called fimbul fault injection andmonitoring usingbuiltinlogic for. In order to implement a software fault injection environment, we use gpgpusim, which is a gpu simulator to generate and introduce faults into the target application. Three physical techniques and one software implemented technique that have been used to assess the fault tolerance features of the mars fault tolerant distributed realtime system are compared and analyzed. They can also be used to test the fault tolerance capabilities of the system under test or any proposed technique for providing fault tolerance in circuits or software. The node under test nut, for short is the node subject to the injection of a fault during each experiment run.
Test case generation for production systems with model. Our hypothesis is that fault injection can be effective when it is directed towards solving speci. One method is called mutation testing which changes. Web service based software implemented fault injection scialert. Software fault injection sfi is an acknowledged method for assessing the dependability of software systems. Engineers use fault injection to test faulttolerant systems or. Martin heininger is the founder and managing director of heicon global engineering.
A comparison of simulation based and scan chain implemented. In particular, we use fault injection to force the executionof dif. Software implemented fault injection for autosar based systems iii abstract this masters thesis describes the design and implementation of a software implemented fault injection tool, which can be used to perform robustness testing on application software components in embedded systems based on the autosar standard architecture. Extends a modelimplemented fault injection tool 12 with i an attack injection framework capable of injecting cybersecurity attacks. Challenges and opportunities with fault injection in. The iso 262624 system defines the fault injection test as follows.
These software implemented techniquesare more flexible and costeffective, and hardware designers are increasinglyrelying on such software techniques to handle the errors that are exposed tothe software at low cost 28, 34, 39. To assure the correct operation of the fault tolerance mechanisms, software implemented fault injection provides low cost and easy to control techniques to test the system under faulty conditions. Experimental evaluation of softwareimplemented fault. Focused fault injection testing of software implemented.
Another node golden node serves as a reference and a third node comparator node is used to compare the messages sent by the two previous nodes. Evaluating software systems via runtime faultinjection and reliability, availability and serviceability ras metrics and models rean gri. Experiences with a canoebased fault injection framework for. See also 17, 181 for surveys on these fault injection techniques. Fault injection can be used to show that a system does prevent certain faults from becoming hazards. Software implemented fault injection for autosar based systems. Three physical techniques and one software implemented technique that have been used to assess. This technique is based on simulations or experiments result, thus it may be more valid or closer to reality compared to statistical methods. This approach is denoted by the authors as modelimplemented fault injection.
Fault injection techniques engineers use fault injection to test faulttolerant systems or components. Fault injection is often in stress testing and it is considered as an important part of developing robust software. In managed code, it is common to use instrumentation. Citeseerx software implemented fault injection for safety. It can also force a function call to return immediately, with a return value selected by the fault injection experiment designer. For safety analyses during modelbased development, fault injection mechanisms can be added directly into models of hardware, models of software or models of systems.
A softwareimplemented fault injection methodology for design and. Jan 19, 2017 this type of fault injection is useful for testing low level user mode software. Softwareimplemented fault injection at firmware level. Software fault injection for software certification. Citeseerx software implemented fault injection for. Fault injection in software engineering geeksforgeeks. Software implemented fault injection swifi is a well proven technique for. This paper presents the modifi modelimplemented fault injection tool. Exhaustif is a commercial software tool used for grey box testing based on software fault injection swifi to improve reliability of software intensive systems. Comparison of physical and softwareimplemented fault. Fuzzing error handling code using contextsensitive. The tool can be used during system integration and system testing phases of any software development lifecycle, complementing other testing tools as well.
An open and versatile fault injection framework for the assessment of software implemented hardware fault tolerance horst schirmeier y, martin hoffmann z, christian dietrich, michael lenzy, daniel lohmannz, and olaf spinczyk. Fault injection test in iso 26262 do you really need it. Comparison of physical and softwareimplemented fault injection techniques, ieee 2003. In this paper we propose a distributed software implemented fault injection framework based on. The fault injector uses softwarebased strategies to emulate the effects of. An open and versatile faultinjection framework for. The main features of the four fault injection techniques considered are then briefly described and the. Is fault injection testing a subset of requirements based testing, and does it deliver the desirable outcome.
In summary, the paper makes the following contributions. Using fault injection to increase software test coverage. The technique of fault injection dates back to the 1970s 4 when it was first used to induce faults at a hardware level. Abstractsoftwareimplemented fault injection is an established method to emulate hardware faults in computer systems. The first experiments in hardware fault injection involved nothing more than shorting connections on circuit boards and observing the effect on. Softwareimplemented fault injection swifi is commonly used for evaluating and characterizing system dependability features24, 9, 17, 10. Fault injection approaches can be divided into three types. That alone is nothing new many software development organizations invest much more in testing than in process improvement. Fault injection tests fault detection, fault isolation, and reconfiguration and recovery capabilities.
Runtime fault injection technique uses a software trigger to inject a fault into a running software system. Compiletime injection is a technique in which testers change the source code to simulate faults in the software system. The first type is hardware implemented fault injection hwifi in which faults are injected by forcing pins or electromagnetic interference. Modelimplemented fault injection for hardware fault. The method exploits the object oriented approach of software implementation to support the injection of specific classes of faults. Fault injection is a testing technique which aids in understanding how virtualreal system behaves when stressed in unusual ways. Experiments at model level, leading to safety requirement violations. Three physical techniques and one softwareimplemented technique that have been used to assess the fault tolerance features of the mars faulttolerant. Three physical techniques and one softwareimplemented technique that have been used to assess. Methods for testing fault tolerant systems fault injection. The springer international series in engineering and computer science office of naval research advanced book series, vol 283.
In software implemented fault injection swifi, faults of the system are emulated by the software. The first type is hardwareimplemented fault injection hwifi in which faults are injected by forcing pins or electromagnetic interference. Existing approaches typically extend the operating system by special drivers or change the application under test. The contrast between the hardware and software methods lies mainly in the fault injection points they can access, the cost and the level of perturbation. Traditional hardware fault injection cpu adaptation module fault injection elements hardwareimplemented fault injection e. To solve this problem, some approaches 11,18,67 analyze program information to guide fault injection, which can achieve higher code coverage and detect more bugs. Software fault injection sfi is an acknowledged method for assessing the. Very little research has been done regarding testing web services or middleware. Described in this presentation is the design and implementation of a software implemented fault injection tool, which can be used to perform robustness testing on application software components in embedded systems based on the autosar standard architecture. This paper presents an application of the focused fault injection method that has been developed for testing software implemented fault tolerance mechanisms of distributed systems. A modelimplemented fault injection tool springerlink. In softwareimplemented fault injection swifi, faults of the system are emulated by the software. This type of fault injection is called hardware implemented fault injection hwifi and attempts to simulate hardware failures within a system. This paper addresses the issue of characterizing the respective impact of fault injection techniques.
Software implemented fault injection for safetycritical. These changes can be implemented by making modifications or mutations to the existing code, such as altering a line of code. The results reveal that fault injection on software models is e. Fault injection has long been used as a technique for accelerated testing. Fault injection is a testing technique used in computer systems to test both hardware and software. Investigating silent failures using fault injection experiments2. Software implemented fault injection for autosar based systems semantic scholar this masters thesis describes the design and implementation of a software implemented fault injection tool, which can be used to perform robustness testing on application software components in embedded systems based on the autosar standard architecture. Various fault injection implementation strategies with different characteristics exist. We present a welldefined development methodology incorporating sfifault injection driven development fiddwhich begins by systematically. See also 17, 181 for surveys on these faultinjection techniques. Study and development of a software implemented fault. Fault injection techniques engineers use fault injection to test fault tolerant systems or components. For higher level software, various methods inject faults.
Modelimplemented fault injection for robustness assessment. Abstract softwareimplemented fault injection is an estab lished method to emulate hardware faults in computer systems. This paper presents how modelimplemented fault injection can be utilized to simulate the effect of hardwarerelated faults in embedded systems. A lightweight fault injection approach to test automated. This tool is a software implemented fault injection platform that empowers users with the ability of performing advanced and effective system validation, evaluation and testing of mission and business critical software systems through the use of a fault injection technique software implemented fault injection swifi.
Fault injection techniques and tools ieee journals. Fault injection testing in software can be performed using either compiletime or runtime injections. Fault injection test includes injection of arbitrary faults in order to test safety mechanisms e. Softwareimplemented fault injection of transient hardware.
This type of fault injection is useful for testing low level user mode software. Compiletime injections it is a fault injection technique where source code is modified to. Fault injection environment figure 1 shows a fault injection envir onment, which typically consists of the tar get system plus a fault injec. Fault injection is a software testing technique by introducing faults into the code for improving the coverage and usually used with stress testing for robustness of the developed software. These softwareimplemented techniquesare more flexible and costeffective, and hardware designers are increasinglyrelying on such software techniques to handle the errors that are exposed tothe software at low cost 28, 34, 39. In this paper we propose a distributed software implemented fault injection framework based on the mobile agent approach. The framework consists of hooks that are inserted into the autosar codebase and implemented in a separate software implemented fault injection swifi module. Fault injection can be used to accelerate testing of a system in which the normal occurrence of faults is too sparse to permit proper testing. It is the deliberate introduction of faults into a system, and the subsequent examination of the system for the errors and failures that result. The framework uses softwareimplemented techniques in a simulated execution environment, namely, vector canoe.
Fault injection or requirements based testing in iso 26262. In order to improve the evaluation method, this paper make a study about bringing in softwareimplemented fault injection technology, which inject fault inside the software artificially, the reliability and fault tolerance of software can be evaluated while the inside errors are activated. Researchers and engineers have created many novel methods to inject faults, which can be implemented in both hardware and software. In software testing, fault injection is a technique for improving. A fault injection environment has been developed to enable comparison of experiments at model level and hardware level using simulink and an infineon microcontroller, respectively. The framework uses software implemented techniques in a simulated execution environment, namely, vector canoe. Software implemented fault injection for autosar based systems 25 injector has configurable values to overwrite a parameter or a return value upon injection.
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